Solar energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy source for human beings, with the advantages of sufficient cleanliness, absolute safety, relative extensiveness, indeed long life and maintenance-free, resource sufficiency and potential economy, which has an important position in the long-term energy strategy. So do you know what are the advantages and disadvantages of photovoltaic power generation compared to the commonly used thermal power generation system?
I. Advantages and disadvantages
1, advantages
(1) No danger of depletion.
(2) safe and reliable, no noise, no pollution emissions outside, absolutely clean (no pollution).
(3) is not limited by the distribution of resources geographically, can take advantage of the building roof; for example, no electricity areas, as well as areas with complex terrain.
(4) Local power generation and supply without fuel consumption and transmission lines.
(5) High energy quality.
(6) Emotional acceptance by users.
(7) Short construction period and short time spent to obtain energy.
2、Disadvantages
(1) The energy distribution density of irradiation is small, i.e., to occupy a huge area.
(2) The energy obtained is related to the weather conditions such as four seasons, day and night, and cloudy and sunny.
(3) Compared to thermal power generation, the opportunity cost of power generation is high.
(4) The manufacturing process of photovoltaic panels is not environmentally friendly.
Second, the system classification
1、Independent photovoltaic power generation
Independent photovoltaic power generation is also called off-grid photovoltaic power generation. Mainly composed of solar modules, controllers, batteries, if you want to power the AC load, you also need to configure the AC inverter. Independent photovoltaic power station including remote areas of the village power supply system, solar household power system, communication signal power, cathodic protection, solar street lights and other kinds of photovoltaic power generation system with battery can be operated independently.
2, grid-connected photovoltaic power generation
Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation is the direct current generated by solar modules through the grid-connected inverter converted into AC power in line with the requirements of the utility grid and then directly connected to the public grid. It can be divided into grid-connected power generation system with battery and without battery.
Grid-connected power generation systems with batteries are dispatchable and can be connected to or disconnected from the grid as needed, and also have the function of a backup power supply for emergency power supply in case of grid outages. Grid-connected power generation systems with batteries are often installed in residential buildings; grid-connected power generation systems without batteries do not have dispatchability and standby power functions and are generally installed in larger systems.
Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation has a centralized large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power station is generally a national power station, the main feature is the power generated directly to the grid, by the grid unified deployment of power supply to users. But this kind of power station investment, long construction period, covers a large area, has not been too much development. And decentralized small grid-connected photovoltaic, especially photovoltaic building-integrated photovoltaic power generation, due to the advantages of small investment, fast construction, small footprint, policy support, etc., is the mainstream of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation.
3, distributed photovoltaic power generation
Distributed photovoltaic power generation system, also known as decentralized power generation or distributed energy supply, refers to the user site or near the site of electricity consumption configuration of smaller photovoltaic power supply system to meet the needs of specific users, to support the economic operation of the existing distribution network, or both to meet the requirements of these two aspects.
The basic equipment of distributed photovoltaic power generation system includes photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic square brackets, DC sink boxes, DC distribution cabinets, grid-connected inverters, AC distribution cabinets and other equipment, in addition to power supply system monitoring devices and environmental monitoring devices. The operation mode is that under the condition of solar radiation, the solar cell array of the PV power generation system converts the solar energy into electrical energy and sends it to the DC distribution cabinet through the DC converter box, and the grid-connected inverter inverts it into AC electricity to supply the building's own load, and the excess or insufficient electricity is regulated by connecting to the grid.
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