With the continuous integration of architectural design and solar technology, transparent solar modules have emerged as an innovative and highly regarded solution. These modules not only provide efficient photovoltaic functionality but also seamlessly blend into building facades or rooftops, even enhancing the overall aesthetic of the structure. But are transparent solar modules really as transparent as their name suggests? This article will delve into the working principles, advantages and disadvantages of transparent solar modules, and their performance in various applications.
Are Transparent Solar Modules Really Transparent?
When discussing transparent or semi-transparent solar modules, we are typically referring to translucent modules rather than completely transparent ones. This terminology is used because the solar cells themselves are not transparent. Instead, the materials used to construct the solar modules are transparent, with solar cells placed on these transparent substrates. Gaps between the edges of the cells and the frame allow sunlight to pass through.
Two main factors influence the transparency of solar modules. The first is the spacing between the solar cells and the frame. The second is the type of membrane material used on the back of the module. Typically, white membrane materials are used in the manufacturing process to reflect sunlight back onto the cells, thereby improving the module’s efficiency.
Without the use of a white reflective membrane, designs like transparent solar modules result in lower efficiency. However, this trade-off enhances the aesthetic appeal, as the background color of the building facade or roof can be clearly seen through the module. Using different colored membrane materials can also create specific tonal effects.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Transparent Solar Modules
Transparent solar modules are well known for their attractive design and offer ideal solutions across various sectors.
Thanks to their transparency, these modules are highly versatile and boast excellent durability. In particular, glass-glass solar modules can last for up to 20 years or more, with some manufacturers offering warranties of up to 30 years.
However, one downside to transparent solar modules is their relatively lower performance compared to traditional solar modules on the market. The larger spacing between solar cells and their edges results in approximately 14% lower efficiency than thick-film solar modules.
Another drawback is the higher procurement cost. Therefore, careful calculation and planning are required when designing photovoltaic systems. The higher investment cost combined with lower efficiency leads to a longer payback period for transparent solar modules.
Application Scenarios Analysis
Transparent photovoltaic modules, due to their light transmittance, are widely used in various scenarios requiring daylight, such as:
- Facades
- Roofs
- Terraces or canopies
- Garage roofs
- Glass in winter gardens
- Skylights
- Greenhouses
- Sunscreen systems
- Agricultural photovoltaics
- And more
Next, we will focus on two of the most commonly applied scenarios: solar carports and greenhouse sheds, which are typical examples where customers often choose transparent modules.
Maysun Solar Client Case Studies:
Carports
Among the many successful collaborations of Maysun Solar, many clients have opted for HJT solar panels as their energy solution for solar carports. For instance, a recent project in Germany involved 430W HJT full-black transparent panels, showcasing the dual advantages of aesthetics and energy savings. These solar panels allow sunlight to pass through gaps, utilizing light refraction for bifacial power generation, maximizing light utilization efficiency.
Greenhouse Sheds
Although winter sunlight is weaker, transparent solar modules still maintain high efficiency. According to the latest tests, transparent solar modules can achieve an energy conversion efficiency of 20%-25% under low-light conditions. Even in the weak sunlight of winter, they can still provide around 60% of the standard summer power output. For greenhouses or sunrooms, this means that even during cold winters, solar energy can be used to maintain indoor temperature and reduce heating needs, achieving energy-saving effects.
A greenhouse in Germany has adopted Maysun Solar's HJT transparent solar modules. During winter, the temperature inside the greenhouse stays around 18°C, while the surrounding outdoor temperature often drops to -5°C. The transparent modules not only provide sufficient power to meet the greenhouse’s heating and lighting needs, but they also successfully reduced energy expenditure by 20%. This innovative system design eliminates the need for traditional high-energy-consuming equipment for winter daylighting and heating.
Conclusion
In summary, transparent solar modules exhibit unique advantages in both aesthetics and functionality, especially in modern architecture and environmental design, where they hold extensive potential for future applications. However, their relatively lower efficiency and higher cost compared to traditional solar modules remain key factors limiting their widespread adoption. When planning photovoltaic systems, considering these modules’ characteristics and payback period, along with reasonable investment and design, will help achieve the optimal economic benefits and sustainability goals.
As a global leader in solar module manufacturing, Maysun Solar's HJT transparent solar modules are at the forefront of the industry in efficiency, durability, and aesthetics. Our HJT transparent modules utilize advanced photovoltaic technology to provide stable power output across various environments. Whether in winter’s low-light conditions or unique installation scenarios like carports and fences, Maysun Solar products guarantee long-term, high-efficiency operation, meeting all your green energy needs.
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